Sulfated cholecystokinin-8 activates phospho-mTOR immunoreactive neurons of the paraventricular nucleus in rats
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Hypoxia activates nucleus tractus solitarii neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Peripheral chemoreceptor afferent information is sent to the nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS), integrated, and relayed to other brain regions to alter cardiorespiratory function. The nTS projects to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), but activation and phenotype of these projections during chemoreflex stimulation is unknown. We hypothesized that activation of PVN-projecting nTS neur...
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Pregnancy is characterized by increased blood volume and baseline sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), vasodilation, and tachycardia. Relaxin (RLX), an ovarian hormone elevated in pregnancy, activates forebrain sites involved in control of blood volume and SNA through ANG II-dependent mechanisms and contributes to adaptations during pregnancy. In anesthetized, arterial baroreceptor-denervated nonp...
متن کاملCholecystokinin activates orexin/hypocretin neurons through the cholecystokinin A receptor.
Orexin A and B are neuropeptides implicated in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness and energy homeostasis. The regulatory mechanism of the activity of orexin neurons is not precisely understood. Using transgenic mice in which orexin neurons specifically express yellow cameleon 2.1, we screened for factors that affect the activity of orexin neurons (a total of 21 peptides and six other factors w...
متن کاملAcute hypoxia activates hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus-projecting catecholaminergic neurons in the C1 region
Catecholaminergic C1 cells reside in the rostral and intermediate portions of the ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and can be activated by hypoxia. These neurons regulate the hypothalamic pituitary axis via direct projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH) and regulate the autonomic nervous system via projections to sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. Based on ...
متن کاملAcute systemic hypoxia activates hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus-projecting catecholaminergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla.
Hypoxia activates catecholamine neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) modulates arterial chemoreflex responses and receives catecholaminergic projections from the CVLM, but it is not known whether the CVLM-PVN projection is activated by chemoreflex stimulation. We hypothesized that acute hypoxia (AH) activates PVN-projecting catechola...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Peptides
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0196-9781
DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.09.025